cksun5:I think I understand the difference in magnification between the lenses on my current camera (xti) and the 35mm (5d)
There is no difference in magnification. A given focal length lens magnifies the same whatever the format. It's like if you set up a slide projector to fill a particular size projection screen, and then replaced that screen with a larger or smaller screen. The projected image (magnification) remains the same, only the useful image area has changed.
If you put a 50mm lens on a 35mm camera and a 50mm lens on a 4x5 camera, and stand in the same place a take a photo with each you could lay the 35mm film frame on top of the 4x5 sheet of film and the area captured on the 35mm would identically match a 1"x1.5" (approx dimensions of 35mm) rectangle in the middle of the 4x5 sheet film. If you enlarge both the same ratio, for instance x10, they would remain the same. If you enlarge both to approx 8"x10" the smaller format may give the illusion of more magnification, but what you've really done is enlarge the 35mm by x8, and the 4x5 by x2. So the difference really isn't magnification, it's mostly how the projected image is cropped. The smaller format isn't getting you any closer to your subject, it's just filling more of the smaller available useful image area.
cksun5:I want to make sure
though that I will be able to use all my lenses with both --- is that
correct? Right now I have a 50mm f1.8, 85mm f1.8, 28-135mm f3.5-5.6,
kit lens from the xti (hate this lens). I have a
75-300mm f/4.0-5.6 (which I am selling cause I don't like it in low light).
You need to check the format of the lenses. The primes are probably 35mm format, meaning they will work on both. The kit lens is almost surely APS-C format meaning it will only work on APS-C format DSLRs. The other zooms sound like typical 35mm format designs.
cksun5:I shoot weddings and try
to do mostly natural light portraits (outside). Given that info and my
current equiptment what would you suggest?
The 5D works great for weddings, but I'm sure the 40D would too, and most any other DSLR that came out in the last four years or so. I think which would be better has more to do with your style, technique, and preferences than any technical differences in the cameras. You don't absolutely need any new gear. I shot weddings for years with only a small selection of wide, normal, and slightly telephoto prime lenses. But I have to admit that fast zooms are very handy. Start out with a f/2.8 standard zoom (17-50ish for APS-C, 28-75ish for 35mm). At some point you'll probably want a f/2.8 70-200.
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